As India forges ahead with its green aspirations, companies in the energy storage sector need to ensure that the role of copper isn’t overshadowed
The global narrative surrounding green energy storage and electric vehicles (EVs) predominantly sings praises of lithium. The shimmering allure of this metal, deemed indispensable for batteries, often overshadows other crucial elements in the conversation. One such unsung hero in this transition to a cleaner and greener future is copper. As India passionately pursues its goals in the renewable energy and EV sectors, understanding the rising importance of copper becomes more critical than ever. Electric vehicles, perceived as a panacea for India’s pollution woes and its dependence on fossil fuels, contain a surprising amount of copper. Compared to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, an EV uses up to four times more copper. This metal isn’t merely present as an accessory; it’s fundamental for the functioning of the vehicle, from its motor to its power distribution systems.
Beyond the realm of transportation, as India strides towards a sustainable future with an increased focus on renewable energy sources, copper’s significance becomes even more pronounced. Solar power plants and wind turbine installations, two of the most favored renewable energy sources for the nation, have an inherent reliance on copper. For instance, a single wind farm can contain several tons of copper in its turbines and other infrastructure. Solar panels, too, employ copper in their internal wiring to enhance efficiency.
Despite the evident importance of copper in the green transition, why has it remained relatively under-discussed? The answer may lie in the dazzle of lithium, which, due to its direct association with ‘batteries,’ has become the poster child for the energy revolution. But a deeper dive into the intricacies of the energy sector reveals that this undue focus on a single element can potentially lead to challenges down the road. The Economic Times recently highlighted the burgeoning demand for copper, driven by the EV and renewable energy push. It indicated that India’s accelerated drive towards these sectors might lead to a surge in copper imports. In a country determined to reduce its dependence on imports for strategic sectors, this could represent a potential vulnerability. Moreover, the global demand for copper is on the rise, not just due to its application in renewable energy and EVs, but also because of its widespread use in electronics, construction, and other sectors. This ever-increasing demand coupled with limited supplies poses a double challenge: ensuring consistent availability and managing the escalating costs.
Electric vehicles have gained significant attention as a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. Copper is at the heart of this transition due to its exceptional conductivity, thermal performance, and durability. In an EV, copper is used extensively in motor windings, power electronics, and charging infrastructure.
Electric motors, which are the heart of EV propulsion systems, require large amounts of copper for their windings. Copper’s high conductivity ensures that these motors are efficient and can deliver the necessary power for vehicle acceleration. Furthermore, the regenerative braking systems in EVs, which contribute to increased energy efficiency, heavily rely on copper to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy and store it in the vehicle’s batteries.
India’s renewable energy sector, encompassing solar and wind power, is another area where copper’s importance cannot be overstated. Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind turbines require significant quantities of copper for their wiring and conductive components. Copper’s ability to efficiently conduct electricity while withstanding harsh environmental conditions makes it an ideal choice for these applications.
As India aims to increase its renewable energy capacity, particularly in solar and wind power, the demand for copper is expected to rise significantly. The expansion of solar farms, wind parks, and energy storage systems will all rely on a stable supply of copper to ensure optimal energy generation and transmission.
While copper’s role in India’s EV and renewable energy aspirations is undeniable, there are also challenges associated with its increased demand. The global copper market can be susceptible to supply disruptions and price fluctuations. Therefore, it becomes essential for India to develop a robust domestic copper mining and processing industry or secure reliable international supply chains to ensure a steady stream of this critical metal.
At the same time, the rise in copper demand presents an opportunity for job creation, technological innovation, and economic growth. Investing in copper mining, refining, and recycling facilities can stimulate domestic industries and contribute to India’s self-reliance in meeting its EV and energy goals.
As India forges ahead with its green aspirations, companies in the energy storage sector need to ensure that the role of copper isn’t overshadowed. It’s not just about acknowledging the problem, but actively seeking solutions. And this is where companies like REPLUS come into the picture. At REPLUS, we believe in a holistic approach to energy storage and sustainability. Recognizing the potential challenges posed by the increasing demand for copper, we’re committed to innovations that not only enhance the efficiency of our products but also ensure their sustainability. By investing in research, fostering partnerships, and championing sustainable practices, REPLUS aims to contribute to India’s green journey in a manner that’s both visionary and responsible.
In wrapping up, while the journey to a sustainable future is multi-faceted, it’s essential to recognize and appreciate each component’s value. Just as lithium has its undeniable place in the green transition, copper, too, is irreplaceable. It’s time to give it the attention it rightly deserves.
(This article is authored by Hiren Pravin Shah, Executive Director & CEO, RePlus Engitech – A LNJ Bhilwara Group Company)
