The Indian growth story is paradoxical. Despite multiple decades of economic growth, malnutrition and food insecurity persist. Growing populations and growing incomes have simultaneously increased demand for diet diversity and put pressure on agricultural systems. Rising trends in obesity along with non-communicable diseases, waxing regional inequality, and the looming influence of climate change forewarn us of a future public health crisis. Given the challenges climate change poses to the stability of the food system, Dr. Prabhu Pingali, Founding Director, Tata-Cornell Institute for Agriculture and Nutrition & Professor in the Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, provides insights and policy recommendations for tackling some of the major issues facing nutrition security in the future.